A e dini se …

 

· Tirana ndodhet 110 m mbi nivelin e detit. Temperaturat mesatare vjetore janė : nė korrik + 24o celcius dhe nė janar +7o celcius. Nė vit bie 1200 mm shi.

· Tirana ndodhet nė tė njėjtin paralel me Napolin, Madritin dhe Stambollin dhe nė tė njėjtin meridian me Budapestin dhe Krakovin.

· Tirana u themelua mė 1614 nga Sulejman Pasha, me origjinė nga fshati Mullet. Fillimisht ai ndėrtoi njė xhami, njė furrė dhe njė hamam. Dy shekuj mė vonė drejtimin e qytetit e mori familja Toptani nga Kruja.

· Ekzistojnė kater hipoteza pėr prejardhjen e emrit Tiranė...

 

1- Tiranė mendohet se vjen nga fjala Theranda, e pėrmendur nė burimet e lashta greke dhe latine, qė vendasit e quanin Tė ranat, meqė fusha ishte formuar si rezultat i materialeve tė ngurta qė sillnin ujrat nga malet pėrreth.

 

 

             2- Tirana vjen nga Tirkan. Tirkan ka

             qenė njė kėshtjellė nė shpat tė malit tė

             Dajtit. Akoma ekzistojnė rrėnojat e 

             kėsaj  kėshtjelle tė lashtė qė daton fillimin

             datonne fillimin e shekullit te pare para

             lindjes se Krishtit, e cila mendohet te

             kete qene keshtjella qe historiani

             bizantin Prokop (shek. VI), e quan

             keshtjella e Tirkanit

 

 

3- Tiranė vjen nga Teheran, kryeqytet i Iranit, nė kujtim tė njė fitoreje tė korrur nga Sulejman Pasha, (themeluesi i qytetit) nė krye tė ushtrisė turke gjatė fushatės nė Persi.

 

 

4- Njė gojėdhėnė tiranase thotė se emrin e qytetit Sulejman Pasha e mori nga njė plakė qė takoi nė vendin ku do tė ngrinte qytetin. Pyetjes sė Sulejman Pashės se ēfarė po bėnte, plaka iu pėrgjegj: Po tir an…! (an d.m.th. mėndafsh)

· Lagjja e parė e Tiranės ishte ajo e Bamit.

· Xhamia nė qendėr tė Tiranės, e quajtur Xhamia e Et’hem Beut, filloi tė ndėrtohej mė 1789 nga Molla beu i ardhur prej Petrelės dhe u pėrfundua mė 1821 nga i biri, Haxhi Et’hem Beu, stėrnipi i Sulejman Pashės. Pėr tė punuan mjeshtėrit mė tė mirė tė Shqipėrisė.

             ·  Kulla e Sahatit u fillua nga Haxhi

             Et’hem Beu rreth vitit 1821-1822 dhe

             u pėrfundua me ndihmat e familjeve tė

             pasura tė Tiranės.

Montimi i sahatit u bė nga familja Tufina. Mė 1928 u ble nė Gjermani nga shteti shqiptar njė Sahat modern dhe kulla u ngrit nė lartėsinė 35 m. Gjatė Luftės sė Dytė Botėrore Sahati u dėmtua, por u rivu nė punė nė korrik tė vitit 1946.

·Ura e Tabakėve (pėrballė Parlamentit ) daton nė shekullin XVIII.

· Tyrbja e Kapllan Pashės (pranė monumentit Ushtari i panjohur) ėshtė ndėrtuar nė vitin 1816.

· Kalaja e Petrelės ndodhet 12 km nga Tirana dhe daton nė shekullin IV para Krishtit. Formėn e saj aktuale e mori nė shekullin e XIII nėn sundimin e Topiajve dhe mė vonė kaloi pronė e familjes sė Kastriotėve.

· Mali i Dajtit, nė lindje tė Tiranės ėshtė 1612 m i lartė.

· Tirana u shpall kryeqytet i pėrkohshėm mė 8 shkurt 1920 nga Kongresi i Lushnjės dhe pėrfundimisht e mori kėtė status mė 31 dhjetor 1925.

· Tirana ėshtė kryeqendra botėrore e bektashinjve nga viti 1925, vit kur bektashinjtė u ndaluan dhe u pėrzunė nga Turqia.

             ·  Rruga e Durresit eshte hapur me

             1922  dhe quhej « Nana Mbretereshe»

             Per ndertimin e saj u prishen shume

             shtepi e kopshte.

· Godina ekzistuese e Parlamentit u ngrit mė 1924 dhe fillimisht ka shėrbyer si Klubi i Oficerėve. Aty, mė 1 shtator 1928 Ahmet Zogu shpalli monarkinė.

· Qendra e Tiranės ėshtė projektuar nga arkitektėt tė njohur italianė tė periudhės musoliniane Florestano de Fausto dhe Armando Brasini. Pallati i Brigadave (ish-pallati mbretėror), godinat e Ministrive, Banka Kombėtare dhe Bashkia janė vepra tė tyre.

· Bulevardi « Dėshmorėt e Kombit » ėshtė ndėrtuar nė vitin 1930 me emrin Bulevardi Zogu I. Nė periudhėn e komunizmit pjesa nga Sheshi Skėnderbej deri tek Stacioni i trenit u quajt Bulevardi Stalin.

· Pallati i Kulturės, ku ndodhet Teatri i Operas dhe Baletit dhe Biblioteka Kombėtare, u pėrfundua mė 1963. Ai u ndėrtua mbi ish-pazarin e vjetėr tė Tiranės dhe tulla e parė u vendos nga Hrushovi mė 1959.

             · Monumenti i Skenderbeut i ngritur

             mė 1968, ėshtė vepėr e Odhise Paskalit

             nė bashkėpunim me Andrea Mano dhe

             Janaq Paēo. Ai u vendos me rastin e

             500 vjetorit te vdekjes se heroit kombetar

· Monumenti Nėna Shqipėri, 12 m i lartė, u pėrurua nė varrezat « Dėshmorėt e Kombit » mė 1971.

· Akademia e Shkencave u pėrfundua mė prill 1972.

· Galeria e Arteve Figurative u krijua mė 1976 dhe nė tė pėrfshihen rreth 3200 vepra tė autorėve shqiptarė dhe tė huaj.

· Muzeu Historik Kombėtar u ndėrtua mė 1981 dhe afresku nė ballė tė tij titullohet « Shqipėria ».

· Qendra Ndėrkombėtare e Kulturės, ish-muzeu Enver Hoxha u pėrurua mė 1988. « Piramida » u projektua nga njė grup arkitektėsh nėn drejtimin e Pranvera Hoxhės dhe Klement Kolanecit.

 

             ·  Ne shek. XVII, Tirana kishte reth 4000

             banorė. Nė vitin 1920 – 17.000 banorė.

             1938 – 25.000 banorė.

             1945 – 40.000 banorė.

             1990 – 250.000 banorė.

             Aktualisht, dyndja masive e banorėve

             nga gjithė pjesėt e tjera tė vendit

             drejt   Metropolit, e ka ēuar popullsinė

             e Tiranės mbi 700.000 banorė.

· Tirana is 110 m above sea level. The average annual temperatures are: in July 24°C and in January 7°C. Annual rainfall is 1200mm.

· Tirana is on the same parallel as Naples, Madrid and Istanbul and on the same meridian as Budapest and Krakov.

· Tirana was founded in 1614 by Sulejman Pasha from the village of Mullet. In the beginning, he built a mosque, a bakery and a Turkish sauna. Two centuries later the city was led by the Toptani family from Kruja.

             · There ecxists four theories about the

             origins of the name Tirana

1- It is thought that Tirana comes from the word Theranda found in ancient Greek and Latin sources because those living there called it Tė ranat ("fallen material"), because the plain was formed as a result of the strong materials which were brought by the water from the surrounding mountains.

 

             2- Tirana comes from Tirkan. Tirkan was

             a castle on the face of mount Dajti. The

             ruins of this ancient castle still exist,

             wich dates back to the beginning of the

             first century before the birth of Christ,

             and wich is thought to have been the

             castle wich the Byzantine historian 

             named Prokop (6th century) called the 

             castle of Tirkan.

3- Tirana comes from Teheran, the capital of Iran, in remembrance of the victory by Sulejman Pasha (founder of the city), head of the Turkish army during the campaign in Persia.

4- An old Tirana tale says that Sulejman Pasha took the name of the city from an old lady whom he had met at the site where he was going to build the city. When Sulejman Pasha asked the old lady what she was doing, she answered: Po tir an (meaning "spinning silk").

· The first district in Tirana was Bami.

· The mosque in the centre of Tirana, called Et’hem Bey, began to be built in 1789 by Molla Bey, who came from Petrela and was finished in 1821 by his son, Haxhi Et’hem Bey, great-grandson of Sulejman Pasha. The best artisans in Albania built it.

             · The clock tower was begun by Haxhi

             Et’hem Bey around 1821-1822 and

             was finished with the help of rich

             Tirana  families. Theinstallation of the

             clock was done by Tufina family.

             In 1928 the Albanian state bought a

             modern clock in Gemany and the tower

             was raised to a height of 35m. During

             the Second World War the clock was

             damaged but was restored to operation

             in July 1946.

· The Tabak bridge (in front of the Albanian parliament) dates back to the 18th century.

· The holy tomb of Kapllan Pasha (near the Unknown Soldier monument) was built in 1816.

· The fortress of Petrela is located 12km from Tirana and dates back to the 4th century BC. Its current architecture is from the 13th century

during the domination of Topia tribe, and later on it became the property of the Kastriot family.

· Mount Dajti is 1612 m high and is situated on the east of Tirana.

· Tirana was declared a temporary capital for the first time on February 8th 1920 by the Congress of Lushnja and it gained this status

permanently on December 31st 1925.

· Tirana has been the world’s Bektashi headquarters since 1925, when the Bektashis were banned and expelled from Turkey

             · The Durres Road was constructed in

             1922 and was called:

             « Nana Mbretneshė » (Queen Mother). 

              A lot of houses and gardens were

              destroed for it's construction.

· The current Parliament building was built in 1924 and first served as an officers’ club. There on the 1st of September Ahmet Zogu

declared the monarchy.

· The centre of Tirana was planned in the beginning of the 1930s by the well-known Italian architects of the Mussolini period, Florestano de

Fausto and Armando Brasini. The Palace of Brigadiers (ex-royal palace), Ministry buildings, National Bank and the Town Hall are their work.

· The boulevard "Deshmoret e Kombit" (Martyrs of the Nation) was built in 1930 and it was named Boulevard Zog I. During the period of communism, the part of the boulevard between Scanderbeg square and the train station was named "Stalin" Boulevard.

· The Palace of Culture, the location of The Theatre of Opera and Ballet and the National Library, was finished in 1963. It was built over the former Tirana bazaar and Khrushchev laid the first brick in 1959.

· The monument of Scanderbeg was built in 1968. It is a work of Odhise Paskali with the collaboration of Andrea Mano and Janaq Pano. It
was put up on the occasion of the 500th anniversary of the death of our national hero.

· The monument "Nena Shqiperi" (Mother Albania), 12 m tall, was inaugurated in the "Deshmoret e Kombit" cemetery in 1971.

· The Academy of Sciences was finished in April 1972.

· The National Art Gallery was opened in 1976 and it includes about 3200 works of Albanian and foreign artists.

· The National History museum was built in 1981 and the mosaic on the front of the building is titled "Albania".

· The International Centre of Culture, formerly the mausoleum of Enver Hoxha was inaugurated in 1988. It was designed by a group of architects under the direction of Pranvera Hoxha and Klement Kolaneci.

             ·  Tirana had 4000 inhabitants in the

             17-th Century. 17000 inhabitants in 1920.

             25000 inhabitants in 1938. 40000 inhabitants

             in 1945. 250000 inhabitants in 1990.

             Actually, because of the free movement

             of the population, the number of

             the inhabitants in the Capital City is

             estimated over 700.000